According to the constitution, India is a "sovereign socialist secular democratic republic." As like any other democracy, political parties represent different sections among the Indian society and regions, and their individual values play an important role in the politics of India.
The Prime Minister of India is the head of government, while the President of India is the formal head of state and holds substantial reserve powers.

India’s official language is Hindi. However, for use in certain official capacities, constitution recognizes eighteen Scheduled Languages. There is also an increased usage of the English language, especially in the cities.

A majority of Indian people (approximately 82%) observe Hinduism among other religions such as Islam, Christianity, Sikhism and Buddhism.

India has a twelve year educational system, of which primary and middle levels are mandatory. Secondary education is optional.

With nearly 1 billion citizens, India is the second most populous nation in the world. It is impossible to speak of any one Indian culture, although there are deep cultural continuities that tie its people together. Every region of India has a diverse social structure. While some regions are poverty stricken, others are quickly developing